Boiler



May 2?, 1924.

E. C. JACOBSON BOILER,

. Filed April' 24.

1919 2 Sheets-Sheet l` M1. @u w uw fw N@ mwN Q mNx y mm 1 @@@MQG mmm cfmw n f @w Q NN @NY @y Patented May 27, 1924.

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ERA C. IACOBSON, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,TO AMERICAN STEAM TRUCK COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OFDELAWARE.

BOILER.

Application filed April 24, 1919. Serial No. 292,361.

y useful Improvement in Boilers, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to an improved boiler construction of the sectionaltype in which the tubes contain the water and the fire from the furnacesurrounds the tubes. My invention is characterized by the use of aplurality of sections which are similar, in alternate arrangement so asto afford ready facilities for mounting the sections in place and forremoving any section 'or sections if it may be necessary in. order torepair the boiler. By vthisarrangement. also, the space above thefurnace is completely utilized to heat the water in the water tubes, andas a result efficient operation of the boiler as a whole is secured. Theunits are preferably constructed by securing a plurality of similarwater tubes between end headers, preferably by means of fusing the tubesto the headers, as for example by means of the' oxyacetylene iiame sothat the units, when completed, are practically homogeneous sections.kIn constructingl the unit, I prefer to make the wat-er tubes slightlycurved so that there will be no undue strain'locally upon the header asaresult of'v unequalexpansion and contraction of the several vwater.tubes of any one unit.

By my construction, the headers at one 1 end of theunit are disposed inlower position than the headers at the other end of the unit, and theupper headers are connected in any suitable manner to a steam drum whichis connected bysuitable'pipes with the lower headers so as to maintainthem full of water at all times, the water level in the steam drumbeingpreferably maintained slightly above the connection to the lowerheaders. By my construction, shields are provided in the 4steam drum toprevent the steam entering the drum from the upper header, beingprojected directly to the outlet opening from thedrum andl thus'carryingwith it water which may be entrained in the steam. In my construction Ialso provide preheating coils for heating the water before it isdelivered to the heating units of the boiler and also superheating coilsfor superheating the steam after it is'delivered from the steam drum andbefore it is delivered from the boiler to the engine to be driven.

My invention will best be understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings showing preferred embodiments thereof in whichv Fig. 1 showsthe preferred form of my boiler in front elevation, the casing beingremoved to more clearly show the boiler parts, l

Fig. 2 shows the parts seen in Fig. 1 in side elevation,

Fig. 3 shows in a view similar to Fig. 1 a modified construction ofboiler sections as arranged and placed in a boiler, and

Fig. 4 shows in a view similar to Fig. 2 the construction in side viewshown in Fig. 3.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the boiler consists of a plurality ofsections 10 and 11, disposed in alternate arrangement throughout theboiler. Each section 10 consists of water headers 12 and 13 betweenwhich the water tubes 14 are located. These tubes 14 are slightly curvedand are connected at their ends, preferably by fusion, to the headers 12and 13, as a result of which the joints between the tubes and theheaders are practically homogeneous with the structure of the tubes andheaders itself, and, therefore, the heating and cooling of the partscannot produce unequal strain at the joints, and furthermore, the curvedconstruction of the water tubes results in permitting any tube which maybe subjected to unusual expansion to spring away from its original pathslightly so as to relieve the joint atv the headers from undue strain.Each of the sections 11 consists of headers 15 and 16 between which thewater tubes 17 are secured in the manner above described for the tubes14:. The units 10 and 1l are of the same general construction, differingonly in details of construction permitting their assembly in the furnaceto completely utilize the space of the furnace and to better facilitateremoving any particular unit if desired. Projecting flattened lugs, asshown at 18 and 19 are provided for closing the upper ends of theheaders 12 and 15 and for engaging the rods 20 and 21 respectively. Eachof the upper headers 13 and 15 is similarly closed at its lower end andvprovided with a flattened lug, as shown on 22 and 23 for engaging therods 21 and 20 respectively. The lower ends of the headers 12 and 16 areconnected by union connectors 24 and 25 with water supply pipes 26 and27, which are of large enough size to also constitute mud drums for theboiler. The pipes 26 and 27 are connected at the rear end of the boilerby a pipe 28 which in turn is connected with a water supply pipe 29,which pipe receives its supply of water from the preheating coils 30located in the top of the boiler and which are supplied from the watersupply pipe 31. The pipes 26 and 27 are also connected at their rear endby pipes 32 and 33 with the lower portion of a steam drum 34 so that thewater which collects in the steam drum readily finds its way back to thewater pipes 26 and 27 and thence to the lower headers 12 and 16.

The upper ends of the upper headers 13 and 15 are connected by pipes 35and 36 through union connectors 37 and 38 with the sides of the steamdrum 34, in which deflec'tors or shields 39 and 40 are disposed adjacentthe openings into the drum 34 to direct the steam and any water that maybe entrained therein downwardly in the drum 34 away from the outlet pipe41 connected with the upper part of the drum to carry steam from thedrum to the superheating coils 42 and 43 from which the steam isdelivered from the boiler to the pipe 44.

It is to be noted that as aI result of the arrangement of the waterpipes 14 and 17 that thev superheating pipes 43 may be located below thewater heating units just sufficiently above the lire from the furnace asto not over heat the superheating coils 43.

As shown in Fig. 1, the heat for the boiler is generated by means of aliquid fuel burner 47, arranged to project its flame horizontallyagainst a baiile of lire brick, or similar material, 48, which by beingheated to white heat radiates the heat to the boiler tubes over it. rlhewater pipes 26 and 27 are provided with blow oftl cocks 45 and 46 forcleaning the mud from the said water pipes as desired.

1t is to be noted that although the water headers of the several waterheating sections are of considerably larger diameter than the watertubes between the headers, that the water tubes may be locatedpractically in contact with each other since the headers at the end ofthe water heating sections are alternated; that is to say, the right andleft hand headers of the section 1() near the observer in Fig. 1 are thelower and upper headers respectively of said section, the next sectioni-s section 11 having its right and left hand headersl 15 and 16 aboveYand below the headers 12 and 13 respectively, the next section isanother section 10 and then another section 11, and so on across theboiler, as a result of which thel entire space from front to rear of theboiler is available for the headers 12 which are the headers ofalternate sections of the boiler while the same is true of the headers15 which are the headers of the intermediate sections of the boiler andthat each header may occupy twice the space from front to rear that isrequired for the water tubes themselves. The water tubes of the severalsections. may be thus brought closely together leaving ample room forthe larger headers and as a result of the alternate inclination of' thewater tubes of the several sections, the heat from the furnace findsits'way up tothe water tubes and necessarily comes. in contact withpractically the entire outer surface of the said water tubes in passingupward through the boiler. The water level of the boiler is preferablyjust above the connection of the pipes 32 and 33; to the steam drum 34,

When it is desired toy remove a particular section from the boiler, therods 2O and 21 are removed, the corresponding union connectors. areundone and the particular unit which is to be removed may betaken fromthe boiler without disturbing the remaining parts.

As a result ofy the construction described, it will appear that eachunit or section off the boiler is similar-ly located with 'respect tothe furnacey and thus operates equally efficiently', that each unit islocated so thatl it has good water circulationthrou-gh it. at all timesfor effectively heating the water contained in it and that steam isdelivered from each heating unit tothe steam drum in, relatively dryconditionand that the steam delivered from the steam drum to the pipe 41is practically free from entrained water.

1n the construction sho-wn in Figs. 3 and 4, the boiler sections 49 and50 consist of lower vertical headers 51' and 52 and upper horizontalheaders. 53 and 54 between which curved water tubes 5 5 and 56. extend.'lfhe headers 51 and 52 are lconnected in substantially the manner abovedescribed with water supply pipe-s 57 and 58', the` rear ends of whichare connected together by a pipe 59, which in turn is connected with asupply pipe 60 connecting the pipe 59 with the preheating coils 61,which coils are. supplied with water by a pipe 62. The water supplypipes 57 and 58' are connected by pipes 63 and 64 with the llowerportionofthe steam drum 65, which has connected with its upper portion anoutlet pipe 66 leading to superheating coil 67' from which the steam isdischarged Jfrom the boiler through pipe 68. The upper headers 53 and 54are connected in substantially the manner above described with the sidesof the steam drum 65, the principal difference being that these headersare above the water line instead of being below it as described abovefor the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The mode of operation of the construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4 issubstantially the same as that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the principaldifference being in the mechanical construction of the unit sections ofthe boiler, for in the case shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the several watertubes are of different lengths for any given section instead of beingthe same length as shown in Fig. l, thus necessitating somewhat greaterexpense in manufacture of the type shown in Fig. 3. In the constructionof Fig. 3, there is the advantage that the supporting rods shown in Fig.1 are not required, thus making the removal of any desired unit easierthan is the case in Fig. 1. The water heating units in Fig. 3 are inalternate arrangement substantially as described above in connectionwith Fig. 1 with the same advantages there stated.

While I have shown my invention in the particular embodiments abovedescribed, I do not, however, limit myself to these exact constructionsin carrying out my invention as I may employ equivalents thereof knownto the art at the time of the ling of this application without departingfrom the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a boiler, the combination of a plurality of units arranged inalternate relation in vertical planes, each unit consisting of twosubstantially parallel headers and tubes of substantially the samelength connecting said headers, said tubes being curved in the samedirection and to substantially the same degree throughout their length,the tubes of alternate units extending upwards towards one side of theboiler and the tubes of intermediate units extending upwardly to- Wardsthe other side of the boiler and in close proximity to the tubes of thealternate units, whereby the upper headers on either side of the boilerare entirely above and inclined to the lower headers on the same side ofthe boiler, connections for supplying water to and delivering steam fromsaid units, the adjacent ends of the headers on either side of theboiler being flattened and overlapping each other, and a rod on eachside of the boiler extending through all of said flattened ends on thatside of the boiler.

. `2. In aboiler,.the-combinationof aplurality of-'units'arranged inalternate relation in vertical. planes, each unit consisting of twosubstantially parallel headers and tubes of substantially the sameVlength connecting said headers, said tubes being curved in arcs ofcircles throughout their,v length withtheir concave sides downwards, thetubes of alternate units extending upwards towards one side of theboiler and the tubes of intermediate units extending upwardly towardsthe other side of the boiler and in close proximity to the tubes of thealternate units, whereby the upper headers on either side of the boilerare entirely above and inclined to the lower headers on the same side ofthe boiler, connections for supplying water to and delivering steam fromsaid units, the adjacent ends of the headers on either side of theboiler being fiattened and overlapping each other, and a rod on eachside of the boiler extending through all of said flattened ends on thatside of the boiler.

3. In a boiler, the combination of a plurality of adjacent unitsdisposed in Vertical planes, each unit consisting of end headers andtubes between said headers, the tubes of alternate units being inclinedupwardly in one direction and the tubes of intermediate units being inclose proximity to the tubes of the alternate units and extendingupwardly in the opposite direction to bring the headers of alternateunits above the headers of intermediate units on the same side of theboiler with the adjacent ends of said headers overlapping each other,and a rod extending through all of said overlapping ends on each side ofthe boiler.

4. In a boiler, the combination of a plurality of adjacent unitsdisposed in vertical planes, each unit consisting of end headers andtubes between said headers, the tubes of alternate units being inclinedupwardly in one direction and the tubes of intermediate units being inclose proximity to the tubes of the alternate units and extendingupwardly in the opposite direction to bring the headers of alternateunits above the headers of intermediatennits on the same side of theboiler with the adjacent ends of said headers overlapping each other,arod extending through all of said overlapping ends on each side of theboiler, and spacing members on each rod between the overlapping endsthereon.

5. In a boiler, the combination of a plurality of adjacent unitsdisposed in vertical planes, each unit consisting of end headers andtubes between said headers, the tubes of alternate units being inclinedupwardly in one direction and the tubes of intermediate units being inclose proximity to the tubes of the alternate units and extendingupwardly in the opposite direction to bring the head- @l Mesem@ ers ofvalternate: units above the headers: of on, the. ends of each rod being;`threadeel and intermediate untson the, same side of the engagingnuts'tosel'amp the overlapping ends boiler with the adjacent ends: ofSaid; headers Jhereon. 10

overlapping each other, a roel extending In Witness whereof, I hereuntoSubscribe 5 through all of said overlapping ends oneach my name this31st day of March, A. D. i919.

side of the boiler, and spacing members on each rod` between theoverlapping ends;A there ERA C. JCO'BSN.

